61 results
AN EXAMINATION OF THE “LANIER WING” DESIGN
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- Y. M. STOKES, W. L. SWEATMAN, G. C. HOCKING
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- Journal:
- The ANZIAM Journal / Volume 65 / Issue 1-2 / January 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 July 2023, pp. 155-177
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Six patents were secured by E. H. Lanier from 1930 to 1933 for aeroplane designs that were intended to be exceptionally stable. A feature of five of these was a flow-induced “vacuum chamber” which was thought to provide superior stability and increased lift compared to typical wing designs. Initially, this chamber was in the fuselage, but later designs placed it in the wing by replacing a section of the upper skin of the wing with a series of angled slats. We report upon an investigation of the Lanier wing design using inviscid aerodynamic theory and viscous numerical simulations. This took place at the 2005 Australia–New Zealand Mathematics-in-Industry Study Group. The evidence from this investigation does not support the claims but, rather, suggests that any improvement in lift and/or stability seen in the few prototypes that were built was, most probably, due to thicker airfoils than were typical at the time.
Identifying and mapping very small (<0.5 km2) mountain glaciers on coarse to high-resolution imagery
- J. R. Leigh, C. R. Stokes, R. J. Carr, I. S. Evans, L. M. Andreassen, D. J. A. Evans
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- Journal:
- Journal of Glaciology / Volume 65 / Issue 254 / December 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 September 2019, pp. 873-888
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Small mountain glaciers are an important part of the cryosphere and tend to respond rapidly to climate warming. Historically, mapping very small glaciers (generally considered to be <0.5 km2) using satellite imagery has often been subjective due to the difficulty in differentiating them from perennial snowpatches. For this reason, most scientists implement minimum size-thresholds (typically 0.01–0.05 km2). Here, we compare the ability of different remote-sensing approaches to identify and map very small glaciers on imagery of varying spatial resolutions (30–0.25 m) and investigate how operator subjectivity influences the results. Based on this analysis, we support the use of a minimum size-threshold of 0.01 km2 for imagery with coarse to medium spatial resolution (30–10 m). However, when mapping on high-resolution imagery (<1 m) with minimal seasonal snow cover, glaciers <0.05 km2 and even <0.01 km2 are readily identifiable and using a minimum threshold may be inappropriate. For these cases, we develop a set of criteria to enable the identification of very small glaciers and classify them as certain, probable or possible. This should facilitate a more consistent approach to identifying and mapping very small glaciers on high-resolution imagery, helping to produce more comprehensive and accurate glacier inventories.
The Utility of Xe-Plasma FIB for Preparing Aluminum Alloy Specimens for MEMS-based In Situ Double-Tilt Heating Experiments
- L. F. Allard, D. N. Leonard, J. D. Poplawsky, M. F. Chisholm, B. D. Eckhart, A. Shyam, F. S. Walden, B. B. Larson, R. Kelly, A. Stokes, W. C. Bigelow
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- Journal:
- Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 25 / Issue S2 / August 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 August 2019, pp. 1442-1443
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- August 2019
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Effect of inertial lift on a spherical particle suspended in flow through a curved duct
- Brendan Harding, Yvonne M. Stokes, Andrea L. Bertozzi
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- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 875 / 25 September 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2019, pp. 1-43
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We develop a model of the forces on a spherical particle suspended in flow through a curved duct under the assumption that the particle Reynolds number is small. This extends an asymptotic model of inertial lift force previously developed to study inertial migration in straight ducts. Of particular interest is the existence and location of stable equilibria within the cross-sectional plane towards which particles migrate. The Navier–Stokes equations determine the hydrodynamic forces acting on a particle. A leading-order model of the forces within the cross-sectional plane is obtained through the use of a rotating coordinate system and a perturbation expansion in the particle Reynolds number of the disturbance flow. We predict the behaviour of neutrally buoyant particles at low flow rates and examine the variation in focusing position with respect to particle size and bend radius, independent of the flow rate. In this regime, the lateral focusing position of particles approximately collapses with respect to a dimensionless parameter dependent on three length scales: specifically, the particle radius, duct height and duct bend radius. Additionally, a trapezoidal-shaped cross-section is considered in order to demonstrate how changes in the cross-section design influence the dynamics of particles.
Multiple-therapy-resistant major depressive disorder: a clinically important concept
- R. H. McAllister-Williams, D. M. B. Christmas, A. J. Cleare, A. Currie, J. Gledhill, L. Insole, A. L. Malizia, M. McGeever, R. Morriss, L. J. Robinson, M. Scott, P. R. A. Stokes, P. S. Talbot, A. H. Young
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- Journal:
- The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 212 / Issue 5 / May 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 February 2018, pp. 274-278
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- May 2018
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Many novel therapeutic options for depression exist that are either not mentioned in clinical guidelines or recommended only for use in highly specialist services. The challenge faced by clinicians is when it might be appropriate to consider such ‘non-standard’ interventions. This analysis proposes a framework to aid this decision.
Declaration of interestIn the past 3 years R.H.M.W. has received support for research, expenses to attend conferences and fees for lecturing and consultancy work (including attending advisory boards) from various pharmaceutical companies including Astra Zeneca, Cyberonics, Eli Lilly, Janssen, LivaNova, Lundbeck, MyTomorrows, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Servier, SPIMACO and Sunovion. D.M.B.C. has received fees from LivaNova for attending an advisory board. In the past 3 years A.J.C. has received fees for lecturing from Astra Zeneca and Lundbeck; fees for consulting from LivaNova, Janssen and Allergan; and research grant support from Lundbeck.
In the past 3 years A.C. has received fees for lecturing from pharmaceutical companies namely Lundbeck and Sunovion. In the past 3 years A.L.M. has received support for attending seminars and fees for consultancy work (including advisory board) from Medtronic Inc and LivaNova. R.M. holds joint research grants with a number of digital companies that investigate devices for depression including Alpha-stim, Big White Wall, P1vital, Intel, Johnson and Johnson and Lundbeck through his mindTech and CLAHRC EM roles. M.S. is an associate at Blueriver Consulting providing intelligence to NHS organisations, pharmaceutical and devices companies. He has received honoraria for presentations and advisory boards with Lundbeck, Eli Lilly, URGO, AstraZeneca, Phillips and Sanofi and holds shares in Johnson and Johnson. In the past 3 years P.R.A.S. has received support for research, expenses to attend conferences and fees for lecturing and consultancy work (including attending an advisory board) from life sciences companies including Corcept Therapeutics, Indivior and LivaNova. In the past 3 years P.S.T. has received consultancy fees as an advisory board member from the following companies: Galen Limited, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Europe Ltd, myTomorrows and LivaNova. A.H.Y. has undertaken paid lectures and advisory boards for all major pharmaceutical companies with drugs used in affective and related disorders and LivaNova. He has received funding for investigator initiated studies from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck and Wyeth.
Haplosporidium raabei n. sp. (Haplosporidia): a parasite of zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771)
- D. P. MOLLOY, L. GIAMBÉRINI, N. A. STOKES, E. M. BURRESON, M. A. OVCHARENKO
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- Parasitology / Volume 139 / Issue 4 / April 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 January 2012, pp. 463-477
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Extensive connective tissue lysis is a common outcome of haplosporidian infection. Although such infections in marine invertebrates are well documented, they are relatively rarely observed in freshwater invertebrates. Herein, we report a field study using a comprehensive series of methodologies (histology, dissection, electron microscopy, gene sequence analysis, and molecular phylogenetics) to investigate the morphology, taxonomy, systematics, geographical distribution, pathogenicity, and seasonal and annual prevalence of a haplosporidian observed in zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha. Based on its genetic sequence, morphology, and host, we describe Haplosporidium raabei n. sp. from D. polymorpha – the first haplosporidian species from a freshwater bivalve. Haplosporidium raabei is rare as we observed it in histological sections in only 0·7% of the zebra mussels collected from 43 water bodies across 11 European countries and in none that were collected from 10 water bodies in the United States. In contrast to its low prevalences, disease intensities were quite high with 79·5% of infections advanced to sporogenesis.
Effect of Sn Substitution on the Thermoelectric Properties of Nanostructured Bulk Bi2-xSbxTe3 Alloy.
- Sumithra. Santhanam, Nathan J. Takas, Westly M. Nolting, Pierre F.P. Poudeu, Kevin L. Stokes
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1329 / 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 October 2011, mrss11-1329-i04-02
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- 2011
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The carrier concentration and electronic transport properties in Bi2-xSbxTe3 alloy can be tuned by varying the Bi to Sb ratio, for high thermoelectric figure of merit. The concentration of intrinsic antisite defects in these alloys is also known to change with Bi to Sb ratio. Here we report the thermoelectric figure of merit of Sn doped Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 alloy. Different atomic percentages of Sn was substituted at Bi/Sb site in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 alloy, synthesized by planetary ball milling. The electrical conductivity decreases with increasing Sn doping but for higher Sn content the electrical conductivity increases compared to undoped alloy. The Seebeck coefficient changes in accordance to electrical conductivity, resulting in small decrease in power factor for highest Sn doping. The lattice thermal conductivity shows a systematic decrease, with increasing Sn concentration resulting in a significant thermal conductivity reduction. Hence an increase in thermoelectric figure of merit could be achieved for the highest Sn (3at%) doping in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 alloy as compared to undoped alloy.
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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The Role of Nanoparticle Inclusions on High-performance half-Heusler Thermoelectric Materials
- Rumana Yaqub, Paranti Sahoo Sahoo, Julien Pierre Makongo, Westly M Notling, Pierre F. P. Poudeu, Kevin L. Stokes
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- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1267 / 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 February 2011, 1267-DD05-18
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- 2010
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We report the effect of adding NiO nanoparticles on the transport properties of the half-Heusler alloys Zr0.5Hf0.5Ni1-xPdxSn0.99Sb0.01 (x=0, and 0.2). The half-Heusler matrix materials are prepared by traditional powder metallurgy methods. The resulting bulk matrix is mixed with different volume fractions of nanometer-sized NiO particles, previously synthesized by solution-phase chemical methods. The resulting mixture is densified under uniaxial pressure to form a composite. The resulting material is found to contain both half-Heusler and full-Heusler phases. The corresponding compounds have higher thermal conductivity and electron mobility.
Metal Nanoinclusions (Bi and Ag) in Bi2Te3 for Enhanced Thermoelectric Applications
- Sumithra Santhanam, Nathan J. Takas, Natheniel L Henderson, Westly M Nolting, Dinesh Misra, Pierre F. P. Poudeu, Kevin L. Stokes
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1267 / 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 February 2011, 1267-DD07-11
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- 2010
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Metal nanoinclusions inside the bulk thermoelectric matrix have the potential to increase the power factor and reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. We have synthesized Bi2-xTe3+x (x=0, 0.05)compositions, to achieve better tenability in Seebeck and electrical conductivity. In this matrix phase, different volume fractions of Bi metal nanoinclusions were incorporated and its effect on thermoelectric properties is discussed. Ag metal nanoinclusions were incorporated into Bi2Te3(2:3) composition, and its effect on power factor is discussed here.
Biological component of the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the psychobiology of depression: I. Background and theoretical considerations
- James W. Maas, Stephen H. Koslow, John M. Davis, Martin M. Katz, Joseph Mendels, Eli Robins, Peter E. Stokes, Charles L. Bowden
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- Psychological Medicine / Volume 10 / Issue 4 / November 1980
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 July 2009, pp. 759-776
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There are many reports which suggest that patients with affective illness (mania and/or depression) have abnormalities in the functioning of one or more neurobiological systems. At a conference convened by the Clinical Research Branch, Division of Extramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, these findings were reviewed and some of the factors impeding movement towards a more complete and integrated view of the functioning of neurobiological systems in patients with mania or depression were identified. As a result, a multi-research centre, collaborative approach to the study of the psychobiology of affective disorders was developed. In this collaborative programme, which has now been underway for several years, the focus has been upon: (a) the assessment of the functioning of several different types of biological systems in the same patient, both before and during treatment; (b) obtaining a reasonably large number of patients and comparison subjects; and (c) the use within and across centres of standardized diagnostic categories and behavioural rating methodologies. In this paper the history, background, and rationale for this collaborative effort are reviewed. Those biological systems chosen for study are noted, and issues such as reliability and validity of diagnoses, measurement of state variables, assessment of change with treatment, and logistical and coordinating problems are discussed.
31 - Whither integrated assessment? Reflections from the leading edge
- from Part IV - Policy design and decisionmaking under uncertainty
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- By Hugh M. Pitcher, Joint Global Change Research Institute 8400 Baltimore Ave., Suite 201 College Park, MD 20740, USA, Gerald M. Stokes, Joint Global Change Research Institute 8400 Baltimore Ave., Suite 201, College Park, MD 20740, USA, Elizabeth L. Malone, Joint Global Change Research Institute 8400 Baltimore Ave., Suite 201 College Park, MD 20740, USA
- Edited by Michael E. Schlesinger, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Haroon S. Kheshgi, Joel Smith, Francisco C. de la Chesnaye, John M. Reilly, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tom Wilson, Charles Kolstad, University of California, Santa Barbara
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- Human-Induced Climate Change
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- 06 December 2010
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- 11 October 2007, pp 377-386
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Summary
Introduction
After 10 years of Climate Change Impacts and Integrated Assessment (CCI & IA) workshops under the aegis of the Energy Modeling Forum (EMF), it is appropriate to consider what progress has been made and what additional tasks confront us. The breadth and scope of the papers in this volume provide ample evidence of the progress. In this paper, we consider the additional tasks before us as a community interested in applying integrated assessment to a wide range of research and policy issues.
Integrated assessment (IA) has arisen and continues to grow in significance because it provides insights and understanding not available from research and analysis conducted from the perspective of individual disciplines. Increasingly, the questions arising from such integrated consideration of issues pose questions new to the respective disciplines, thus driving disciplinary research also.
The particular approach to integrated analysis of historic interest to EMF emphasizes solutions to the problems that have implications for both program direction and major resource allocation. Because of this, individuals who have, or represent, major political and economic interests in the outcome subject the results and components of the models to an unprecedented level of scrutiny. This scrutiny will affect not only model components but the structure of feedbacks and the tools for measuring impacts as well.
Preface to the sixth edition
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp xii-xii
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V - Geometrical theory of aberrations
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp 228-260
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Summary
IN §4.9 it was mentioned that within the domain of geometrical optics the departure of the path of light from the predictions of the Gaussian theory may be studied either with the help of ray-tracing or by means of algebraic analysis. In the latter treatment, which forms the subject matter of this chapter, terms which involve off-axis distances in powers higher than the second in the expansion of the characteristic functions are retained. These terms represent geometrical aberrations.
The discovery of photography in 1839 by Daguerre (1789–1851) was chiefly responsible for early attempts to extend the Gaussian theory. Practical optics, which until then was mainly concerned with the construction of telescope objectives, was confronted with the new task of producing objectives with large apertures and large fields. J. Petzval, a Hungarian mathematician, attacked with considerable success the related problem of supplementing the Gaussian formulae by terms involving higher powers of the angles of inclination of rays with the axis. Unfortunately, Petzval's extensive manuscript on the subject was destroyed by thieves; what is known about this work comes chiefly from semipopular reports. Petzval demonstrated the practical value of his calculations by constructing in about 1840 his well-known portrait lens [shown in Fig. 6.3(b)] which proved greatly superior to any then in existence. The earliest systematic treatment of geometrical aberrations which was published in full is due to Seidel, who took into account all the terms of the third order in a general centred system of spherical surfaces. Since then, his analysis has been extended and simplified by many writers.
IX - The diffraction theory of aberrations
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp 517-553
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Summary
IN Chapter V we studied the effects of aberrations on the basis of geometrical optics. In that treatment the image was identified with the blurred figure formed by the points of intersection of the geometrical rays with the image plane. Since geometrical optics gives an approximate model valid in the limit of very short wavelengths, it is to be expected that the geometrical theory gradually loses its validity as the aberrations become small. For example, in the limiting case of a perfectly spherical convergent wave issuing from a circular aperture, geometrical optics predicts for the focal plane an infinite intensity at the focus and zero intensity elsewhere, whereas, as has been shown in §8.5.2, the real image consists of a bright central area surrounded by dark and bright rings (the Airy pattern). In the neighbourhood of the focal plane the light distribution has also been seen to be of a much more complicated nature (see Fig. 8.41) than geometrical optics suggests. We are thus led to the study of the effects of aberrations on the basis of diffraction theory.
The first investigations in this field are due to Rayleigh. His main contribution was the formulation of a criterion (discussed in §9.3) which, in an extended form, has come to be widely used for determining the maximum amounts of aberrations that may be tolerated in optical instruments. The subject was carried further by the researches of many writers who investigated the effects of various aberrations, and we may mention, in particular, the more extensive treatments by Steward, Picht, and Born.
V - A mathematical lemma used in the rigorous derivation of the Lorentz-Lorenz formula (§2.4.2)
- from Appendices
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 13 October 1999, pp 898-900
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Historical introduction
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 13 October 1999, pp xxv-xxxiv
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Summary
THE physical principles underlying the optical phenomena with which we are concerned in this treatise were substantially formulated before 1900. Since that year, optics, like the rest of physics, has undergone a thorough revolution by the discovery of the quantum of energy. While this discovery has profoundly affected our views about the nature of light, it has not made the earlier theories and techniques superfluous; rather, it has brought out their limitations and defined their range of validity. The extension of the older principles and methods and their applications to very many diverse situations has continued, and is continuing with undiminished intensity.
In attempting to present in an orderly way the knowledge acquired over a period of several centuries in such a vast field it is impossible to follow the historical development, with its numerous false starts and detours. It is therefore deemed necessary to record separately, in this preliminary section, the main landmarks in the evolution of ideas concerning the nature of light.
The philosophers of antiquity speculated about the nature of light, being familiar with burning glasses, with the rectilinear propagation of light, and with refraction and reflection. The first systematic writings on optics of which we have any definite knowledge are due to the Greek philosophers and mathematicians [Empedocles (c. 490–430 BC), Euclid (c. 300 BC)].
Amongst the founders of the new philosophy, Rene Descartes (1596-1650) may be singled out for mention as having formulated views on the nature of light on the basis of his metaphysical ideas.
Preface to the fourth edition
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp xi-xi
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Preface to the fifth edition
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp xii-xii
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Summary
Some further errors and misprints that were found in the earlier editions of this work have been corrected, the text in several sections has been improved and a number of references to recent publications have been added. More extensive changes have been made in §§13.1–13.3, dealing with the optical properties of metals. It is well known that a purely classical theory is inadequate to describe the interaction of an electromagnetic field with a metal in the optical range of the spectrum. Nevertheless, it is possible to indicate some of the main features of this process by means of a classical model, provided that the frequency dependence of the conductivity is properly taken into account and the role that the free, as well as the bound, electrons play in the response of the metal to an external electromagnetic field is understood, at least in qualitative terms. The changes in §§13.1–13.3 concern mainly these aspects of the theory and the revised sections are believed to be free of misleading statements and inaccuracies that were present in this connection in the earlier editions of this work and which can also be commonly found in many other optical texts.
I am grateful to some of our readers for informing me about misprints and errors. I wish to specifically acknowledge my indebtedness to Prof. A. D. Buckinham, Dr D. Canals Frau and, once again, Dr E. W. Marchand, who supplied me with detailed lists of corrections and to Dr É. Lalor and Dr G. C. Sherman for having drawn my attention to the need for making more substantial changes in Chapter XIII.
VIII - Proof of the inequality |μ12(v| ≤ 1 for the spectral degree of coherence (§10.5)
- from Appendices
- Max Born, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany and University of Edinburgh, Emil Wolf, University of Rochester, New York
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- Principles of Optics
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- 05 April 2013
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- 13 October 1999, pp 911-911
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